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| Eduard Şevardnadze Eduard Shevardnadze |
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| Personal data | |
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| Name at birth | Eduard Shevardnadze  |
| Born | January 25, 1928 Mamati , Guria , Transcaucasian RSFS , USSR |
| Deceased | July 7, 2014(86 years old) Tbilisi , Georgia |
| Buried | Tbilisi |
| Married to | Nanuli Țagariașvili (died in 2004) |
| Number of children | 2 |
| BOYS | 2 |
| Nationality | Soviet (1928–1991) and Georgian (1991–2014) |
| Citizenship |  URSSGeorgia |
| Religion | Orthodox |
| Occupation | diplomat politician |
| The Second President of Georgia | |
| In office November 26, 1995 - November 23, 2003 |
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| Succeeded by | Nino Burjanadze |
| President of the Parliament - Head of the Georgian State | |
| In office 6 November 1992 - 26 November 1995 (President of Parliament of 4 November 1992) |
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| Preceded by | established function ; himself as President of the State Council of Georgia |
| Succeeded by | function abolished ; Zurab Jvania as President of the Georgian Parliament |
| President of the State Council of Georgia | |
| In office March 10, 1992 - November 4, 1992 |
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| Preceded by | function established |
| Succeeded by | function abolished ; himself as President of the Georgian Parliament |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union | |
| In office November 19, 1991 - December 26, 1991 |
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| Preceded by | Boris Pankin |
| Succeeded by | function abolished |
| In office July 2, 1985 - December 20, 1990 |
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| Preceded by | Andrei Gromiko |
| Succeeded by | Aleksandr Bessmertnîh |
| First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party | |
| In office September 29, 1972 - July 6, 1985 |
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| Preceded by | Vasil Mjavanadze |
| Succeeded by | Jumber Patiașvili |
| Minister of Internal Affairs of the Georgian SSR | |
| In office 1967 - 1972 |
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| Preceded by | Vladimir Janjgava |
| Succeeded by | Dilar Habuliani |
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| Awards |         |
| Political party | Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1948-1991) Independent (1991-1995) Union of Citizens of Georgia (1995-2003) |
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Şevardnadze eduard (ëåîn GEORGIANA Eduard Shevardnadze[ɛduɑrd ʃɛvɑrdnɑdzɛ] , in Russian Эдуа́рд Амвро́сиевич Шевардна́дзе, Eduard Amvrosievici Șevarnadze ; n. January 25, 1928 - July 7, 2014 ) [1] was a Georgian politician and diplomat . Shevardnadze served as First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party (the de facto leader of Soviet Georgia ) from 1972 to 1985, and then as Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991, when Mikhail Gorbachev was in charge . After the collapse of the Soviet Union , between 1992 and2003 Shevardnadze took over as president of Georgia, leading the country in an authoritarian way, and coming to power by forcibly removing the democratically elected president, Zviad Gamsahurdia . During his presidency, Georgia lost control of the regions of Abkhazia , South Ossetia, and weakened the authority of central power in Adjara . He was forced to retire in 2003 as a result of the bloody Rose Revolution .
Eduard Shevardnaze was born in 1928 in Georgia, in the village of Mamati, Lancihuti district of the Guria region , then in the Transcaucasian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic . His family had five children: a girl and four boys. One of the brothers, Akaki, died in the battles of Brest with the German army in World War II . His father, Amvrozie, a professor by trade, a former Menshevik who later joined the Bolsheviks , was arrested in 1937 during the "purges" during the Great Stalinist Terror.and was soon released at the intervention of a security officer who was his student. The mother had great reservations about the Communist Party and opposed the political commitment of her husband and son Edward. Unlike his father, a cousin of Eduard Shevardnadze, the painter Dmitri Shevardnadze, who fell in 1937 a victim of Stalinist terror.
As a teenager, Shevardnadze was a member of the Comsomol , then at the age of 20 he was accepted into the Communist Party and became an instructor in the Comsomol. His career as a party activist progressed slowly, but he was not harmed by his relationship with his future wife, journalist Nanuli Țagariașvili, whose father was executed as an "enemy of the people." He married her in 1951. After attending the "party school", in 1952-1956 Shevardnadze was secretary, then deputy secretary and finally first secretary of the Comsomol in Kutaisi district . In 1956, during his university studies, he was promoted to first deputy secretary of the Comsomol throughout Georgia, and between 1957-1961 he was the first secretary, ie the leader of this official youth organization. In 1958 he was co-opted into the Central Committee of the Communist Party. from Georgia. In 1959 he graduated from the College of Medical Technology in Tbilisi and then, changing his professional orientation, he enrolled in history studies at the Pedagogical Institute "A. Tulukidze" in Kutaisi. In the same year he was elected a member of the Supreme Soviet of Soviet Georgia.
