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| Martin Heidegger | |
.jpg) Martin Heidegger |
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| Personal data | |
|---|---|
| Born | 26 septembrie 1889[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] Meßkirch , German Empire [ 15] |
| Deceased | 26 mai 1976(86 years old) [16] [17] [1] [3] [18] [5] [6] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] Meßkirch , Germany [19] |
| buried | Messkirch |
| Cause of death | infectious disease |
| Brothers and sisters | Fritz Heidegger [*] |
| Married to | Elfride Heidegger[*] |
| children | Hermann Heidegger [*] |
| Citizenship | .svg) Weimar Republic Nazi Germany FRG.svg)  |
| Occupation | philosopher poet university professor [*] |
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Martin Heidegger ( September 26, 1889 , Meßkirch , Baden - May 26, 1976 , Freiburg im Breisgau ) was one of the most important German philosophers of the twentieth century. His masterpiece, "Sein und Zeit" ("Being and Time", 1927 ), contributed to the reconsideration of phenomenology . His work exerted a decisive influence on the thinking of a number of philosophers such as Hans-Georg Gadamer , Maurice Merleau-Ponty , Jean-Paul Sartre , Emmanuel Levinas ,Jacques Derrida and Hannah Arendt .
After graduating from high school in 1909 , he began studying theology in Freiburg ( Breisgau ). Two years later he transferred to the faculty of philosophy , studying at the same time mathematics and natural sciences . Philosophy was taught by Edmund Husserl , the creator of modern phenomenology . In 1913 he obtained the title of "doctor of philosophy". From 1923 he was a professor at the University of Marburg , and in 1928 he was called to Freiburg as his successor.Husserl the chair of philosophy. In 1927 he published the work "Sein und Zeit" , in which he laid the foundations of the fundamental ontology , which breaks with the tradition of ontological systems that persisted since Plato . In 1933 , after coming to power of Hitler , join the Nazi party (NSDAP) , where he was a member from May 1933 to May 1945 [20] . The question of whether this accession was formal or ideologically binding is still a lively debate among commentators today.
He was appointed rector of the University of Freiburg , but resigned after a semester in order to devote himself to teaching. In his public speeches he criticizes, from his romantic-conservative point of view, depersonalization and alienation from modern society. His political behavior is ambiguous, on the one hand he rejects racial conceptions of Nazism and declares himself against the burning of "suspicious" books on university territory, on the other hand he does nothing to prevent anti-Semitism.growing, which affects part of the teaching staff and students. It tends to isolate itself and organizes "very private" seminars for a small number of PhD students chosen according to very strict criteria. Among them was the Romanian Alexandru Dragomir . He is working on his second major work, Beiträge zur Philosophie ("Contributions to Philosophy"), which will appear only posthumously in 1989 . After the end of the war he was subjected to the process of "denazification" and suspended from university. In 1950 he was reinstated in the university corps; two years later he retired. In 1974 he began publishing his complete works in over 100 volumes.
