These four panels consist of two pairs, showing in pictorially clear terms the routes to Heaven and Hell. The first pair, The Garden of Eden and The Ascent of the Blessed, show the route to Heaven for the pious and righteous. The other pair, The Fall of the Damned and The River to Hell, shows what awaits sinners.
Uniquely among Bosch’s paintings, the pictorial content of these panels is simple and clear, and relatively free of Bosch’s freely-invented fantasy creatures. This gives them a simple beauty quite the opposite of paintings like The Garden of Earthly Delights.
The exterior of these panels is painted in a very unusual way, in an even red or green, on which paint has then been dripped to give the appearance of marbled stones such as red porphyry and green serpentine marble. There is no evidence of any figures or other paintings on the exterior surfaces.
The Garden of Eden shows a hilly deer park, with woods and meadows, dropping to flat mixed countryside with a river in the distance.
Four distinct groups of naked figures are in the foreground, two of which have accompanying winged angels. Closest is a couple, seated on a hillside at the left and talking with an angel wearing a brown cloak. Slightly further away to the right is a larger group of ten human figures with an angel in a scarlet robe. They are all looking up to the left of the painting, and two are extending their arms in that direction.
On the left, another group of seven humans, including a woman, are occupied with their own conversations and activities. A man has an exotic bird perched on his right forearm. Beyond them are four other humans, standing close together among the low trees.
A small but steep hill rises to an ornate fountain tower with a high obelisk at its top. Several birds are perched on the tower, and a few animals are on the grass around it. Down in a valley to the right, a wolf is feeding on an animal carcass.
In the distance the land is flat with woods and meadows, and a broad river which has been bridged. At the left, a hill rises and the ruins of a large castle are on the top.