Untreated hypertension can increase the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. In a study from the Women’s Health Initiative, women over 65 who had hypertension were at increased risk for developing brain lesions associated with dementia over eight years. Even moderately elevated blood pressure can harm small blood vessels in the brain, resulting in white matter damage that increases dementia risk as well as stroke. Lowering blood pressure—by diet, exercise and weight loss or by medication—is good for the heart and the brain. 

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