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Cardano Blockchain To Take The Lead In Scalability With Hydra

Posted by Deb Williams - Editor on February 26, 2021 - 8:27am Edited 7/10 at 5:37am

Cardano Blockchain To Take The Lead In Scalability With Hydra -

The Migration Begins...

Cardano Blockchain - The Fastest System On Earth

As a follow-up to my last two articles explaining, Cardano is a 3rd generation blockchain that started as a project in 2015 and launched in 2017, focusing on three elements. Cardano has made great strides since then. The team’s aspirations are now coming to fruition in 2021, solving some critical problems, one being scalability, which has become very apparent with the 1st generation, Bitcoin, and 2nd generation blockchain, Ethereum, in the last five years. 

Cardano’s key features are the academic and scientific philosophy behind it. The team consisting of engineers, mathematicians, scientists, and business professionals has published over 90 whitepapers for the technology. With a well-defined roadmap, the Cardano network is known for its ingrained security, scalability, and interoperability. 

Previous generation blockchains suffer from bottlenecks that essentially limit the amount of throughput they can handle. Proof of this can be seen in the fluctuating BTC and ETH transaction times over the years, making them an inefficient choice for global-scale mass use. 

When the Cardano blockchain was first tested in 2017, it could process around 257 transactions per second (TPS). To put that into perspective, today, Bitcoin can only process 7 TPS and Ethereum a little higher at 25 TPS. 

Cardano is built and a comparison to VISA as a competitor and a theoretical goalpost. Currently, VISA’s transactions per second are approximately 2,000 TPS which is unreachable in the blockchain world. Particularly with Proof of Work protocols that can only reach into the tens. Proof of Stake (POS) networks can deliver a few hundred. However, with the introduction of Cardano’s Ouroboros Hydra solution, it is now looking at more than 1 million TPS.

With this new groundbreaking technology in PoS scalability, the Hydra, the Cardano blockchain can become a real alternative to current fiat currency and payment systems for their Native ADA token and other altcoins and ecosystems with all the necessary building blocks to be a potent fintech disruptor. 

 


The body of Hydra is like the mainchain. Hydra can have more heads. Every head can process 1,000 TPS.

 

What is Cardano's Hydra? 

Founder of Cardano, Charles Hoskinson, explained in the video below recorded in March 2020 that Hydra is a Layer 2 scaling solution implemented over Cardano's Proof of Stake protocol while fitting "very well with the Pool staking model.” It implements state channels that enable the fast processing of payments and smart contracts beyond the blockchain (off-chain). 

Simulations have shown that each "Hydra head" can currently process about 1,000 transactions per second (TPS). With 1,000 stacking pools, each of which processes 1,000 TPS, Cardano could achieve a throughput of up to one million transactions per second.

Hoskinson further emphasized that each "Hydra head" will reach the so-called "Fast Finality,” which means that the irreversibility of a transaction can be done almost in real-time, as commonly used in a Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) protocol. Thanks to the "Fast Finality" and the high transaction speed, even micro-transactions will become possible. 

Hoskinson also said.

“A serious disadvantage present in current layer-two state channel protocols is that existing layer-one smart contract infrastructure and contract code cannot be reused off-chain without change. In this paper, we introduce Hydra, an isomorphic multi-party state channel. Hydra simplifies off-chain protocol and contract development by directly adopting the layer-one smart contract system. We present the onchain contracts to open and close Hydra heads (our isomorphic state channels) and a novel off-chain protocol for the fast evolution of heads.”

 

Put more simply, data from the blockchain is loaded into Hydra, and participants can make transactions or run smart contracts in the Hydra. Once their job is finished, they close the Hydra, and the final state is updated in the blockchain. As multiple hydra ‘heads’ can be created, it allows fast and cheap parallel processing.

Hydra will enable high scalability, which is imperative for greater adoption of cryptocurrencies, not just for faster transactions; Hydra can also execute smart contracts so developers can easily build Dapps and utilize micropayments, voting, among other things. Hydra will ensure low latency and minimal storage of data per node.

For a more in-depth look at Cardano’s solution to scalability and Hydra, read this blog by cardanians.io

 

Reduced Power And Fees - Increased Security 

Cardano’s PoS consensus mechanism, called Ouroboros, also reduces energy cost compared to PoW. It also provides provable security guarantees with transactions and seamless execution of smart contracts with Hydra’s Extended-UTxO model.

With the current setup of Ethereum (PoW) and Cardano (PoS), Cardano appears much more robust than Ethereum in terms of TPS. Ethereum also lags due to its problems with expensive gas fees when it comes to transaction costs.

The recent bull runs resulted in ETH and other Ethereum blockchain tokens experiencing extremely high gas (transaction) fees due to network congestion, therefore discouraging retail investors from being involved. 

 


Comparison Chart between Cardano Native Tokens and Ethereum ERC-20

 

Cardano Native Token Design Distinction - A Unique Selling Proposition (USP)

The Goguen Era, just one of the many phases of the Cardano roadmap, is set to launch in March 2021 allows more comprehensive interoperability with existing smart contracts, regardless of the different coding language used to develop them initially. Goguen enables smart contracts to be written in different languages, whereas Ethereum smart contracts use Solidity only. 

Cardano also applied the Goguen native token upgrade, known as the Mary upgrade, to Cardano’s testnet, which transforms the blockchain into a multi-asset network similar to Ethereum. Still, design differences set it apart, which opens up various and differing business use-cases with high-scale enterprises.

With the well-thought-out and tested infrastructure, Cardano is poised to capture a diverse and completely different market share than Ethereum; areas such as national-level identity solutions, back-end financial infrastructure, and robust enterprise use cases like decentralized social media.

A significant difference is that there are no execution fees charged to the user in conjunction with a token smart contract on Ethereum. (Gas fees) 

Smart contracts on Ethereum are also vulnerable to human error, fraud, and other risks associated with Ethereum design protocols that require conversion between the two layers. The two layers’ scripting language is significantly different, and Solidity cannot work with the second layer, so conversion is necessary. 

Native Tokens on Cardano are forged on-chain with both layers using the same scripting system, so no conversion is needed. The opportunity to siphon funds through a smart contract is eliminated.

 

Hinrich Pfeifer of the Cardano Foundation said,

“User-defined native tokens on Cardano use the same underlying token logic as the Cardano blockchain itself. Cardano’s scripting language does not have fixed-size integers, and the ledger itself tracks token movements and handles the token logic.”

In other words, according to Charles Hoskinson, organizations with cryptocurrency assets are treated as first-class citizens; they are treated the same way as Cardano treats ADA, their own crypto, whereas, in Ethereum, you’re a second-class citizen. ETHER is treated differently from smart contacts. 

This first-class citizen approach means your assets will have the same governance access, layer two portfolio access, and the same infrastructure that ADA itself has. Also, more effortless listing experiences, more comfortable wallet experience, better user experience, faster transactions, lower transaction costs, and the list goes on.   
 



Vukašin Vukoje, demonstrating the ERC-20 converter, showing options for converting BAT, DAI, AGI, USDC, and USDT.Source: Cardano Development October 2020 Update 

 

Migration To The Cardano Blockchain Begins 

Cardano’s ERC-20 converter’s introduction facilitates the transfer of tokens from the Ethereum network to the Cardano network, which encourages ERC-20 projects to port over to Cardano. In October of 2020, on the Cardano Development Show, the broadcast included the ERC-20 converter demonstrating the conversion of stablecoins DAI, USDC, and USDT, along with AGI and BAT. 

Artificial Intelligence firm SingularityNET with its AGI token, announced it is moving to Cardano. Previously, SingularityNET operated exclusively on the Ethereum blockchain. Reportedly, many have taken the news as a significant blow for Ethereum stakeholders.

The next tech social media, marketing, and broadcasting giant, Markethive, has also moved to the Cardano blockchain from Ethereum. The Markethive Coin, Hivecoin, about to be launched on principled exchanges, is now a Native token on Cardano’s isomorphic multiparty state system instead of an ERC-20. 

Given the enormous transaction activity and data involved, along with the ILP assets, or smart contracts in Markethive, it makes perfect sense to migrate to a completely decentralized system that will handle throughput, stability, and interoperability with ease.    

CEO and Founder of Markethive, Thomas Prendergast, says,

“The MHV coin was originally produced (8,888,888,888) according to the ERC20 guidelines from Ethereum about 1.5 years ago. The coin in Markethive has been kept in Markethive operating separate from the ERC20 on our own paper blockchain until we released the wallet. Recent trends have revealed the ERC20’s security risks, privacy risks, and even worse, the cost to transact (gas) has skyrocketed.

As we determined that the ERC20 was not for us and before we opened up to the exchanges as an ERC20, we decided to find other options. This was several months ago, and at the same time, our friend Charles Hoskinson the founder of Cardano released his final version from BETA, and perfect timing for us. 

After contacting him, CTO of Markethive, Douglas Yates, determined that to convert to Cardano was the perfect decision, and so this now opens the door for us to launch onto the exchanges as a Cardano-based Markethive coin now called Hivecoin with a maximum of 8 billion”

This is excellent news for Markethive; It means much smaller transaction fees, greater security, faster application speeds. It means our entire system will be stronger, quicker, and secure.

 

Cardano’s Terminology Of Native Tokens 

The terms 'coin' and 'token' are often used in the crypto world. Sometimes, these terms are interchangeable, sometimes not. A 'token' can also be a type of umbrella term that encompasses all digital assets.

It is worth noting that Cardano's approach to tokenization is as unique as the ledger itself, so here's some terminology to help understand Cardano’s native tokens framework.

In Goguen/Cardano:

  • A token is defined as the representation of an asset stored on the Cardano blockchain.
  • An asset is anything that can be quantified.
  • A token bundle is a representation of multiple tokens.
  • Native refers to token logic running on the Cardano ledger rather than using smart contracts.

Native tokens on Cardano

Ethereum requires custom code for user-defined tokens to be supported on the chain. It adds a layer of complexity, cost (gas is needed to pay for the execution of the code), and inefficiency since token code for both standards is replicated and adapted, rather than part of the system itself. 

This is an inherent weakness of the Ethereum chain because it leaves room for human error. Custom code, if done carelessly, can introduce bugs that could potentially lead to significant financial loss. In one particularly infamous incident, software bugs led to the loss of ether worth $300m. The Cardano approach aims to prevent such catastrophic errors.

Cardano supports user-defined tokens natively, without the need for custom code, through the native tokens framework. Native tokens is an accounting system defined as part of the cryptocurrency ledger and enables tokens to be transacted with (tracked, sent, and received.) This eliminates the need to use custom code or costly smart contracts. In short, native tokens remove the unnecessary layer of expensive complexity and inherent inefficiency found in the Ethereum chain.


The Heart Behind The Technology

The Creator and CEO of Cardano, Charles Hoskinson, is passionate about his work and mission to change the world’s financial system. To build a true financial operating system for the planet; for the unbanked, giving open, fair, and free economic identity to those lacking, along with dozens of companies and millions of community members.

In a recent video update, Charles stated, 

“We are on a path to Destiny. Everything we do is lining up to take us to that particular reality. Those are the billions of users that not only will enrich the network and make it something worthwhile but will change the entire fabric of how the world works and make it fairer, more just, and more transparent. Every bit of commercial progress we make as a company, as a protocol, as a community towards that end, makes me incredibly happy.”

 

 

Slow And Steady Wins The Race

It has been a gradual process for Cardano because they do real science, write real protocols, perpetually testing every aspect of this unique project. This protocol is necessary to avoid the traps many Silicon Valley startups, and the like have experienced. Move fast, break things and burden the world with their costly mistakes. Many have fundamental and architectural issues that have caused their demise or non-event. 

Because of all the hard work, philosophical and scientific approach, Cardano’s progress has expedited and now a force and on track, having built the best Proof of Stake protocol with a brilliant path to evolve that protocol to keep up with emerging technology. 

Charles Hoskinson and the Cardano team are one of integrity, empathy, and compassion with a philosophy that is congruent with Markethive. We, at Markethive, welcome Cardano and are excited to be collaborating and joining forces to help make the world a better place. One of freedom and sovereignty in the social media and financial spheres creating an all-encompassing ecosystem for humanity. 

 


ecosystem for entrepreneurs

 


Written by Deb Williams
Chief Editor and writer for Markethive.com, the social, market, broadcasting network. An avid supporter of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency. I thrive on progress and champion freedom of speech and sovereignty.  I embrace "Change" with a passion, and my purpose in life is to enlighten people en masse, accept and move forward with enthusiasm.

 

 

andrei68 Yarushin Thank you Deb for a great new blog.
February 26, 2021 at 8:36am
Simon Keighley Choosing to build the wallet and launch the MHV Coin on Cardano's blockchain was a great decision by Markethive. Cardano’s Ouroboros Hydra solution, delivering smaller transaction fees, robust security and super-quick application speeds will be a huge advantage for Markethive's ecosystem. Thanks for sharing, Deb.
February 26, 2021 at 9:04am
Corneliu Boghian Good info . Thanks for sharing, Deb !
February 26, 2021 at 9:28am
tatana Tatiana Yarushina Thanks Deb again great blog, good news!
February 26, 2021 at 10:21am
Marco Ferrari Great Article ! cryptosphere .... Markethive is coming
February 26, 2021 at 11:04am
SUNDAY DAVID What a innovative innovation!
February 26, 2021 at 12:01pm
Valeriya thanks for the info
February 26, 2021 at 12:30pm
Louis Harvey It appears that Charles Hoskinson and the Cardano team are on the same page as Thomas Prendergast, and Markethive team. That's why I feel that its a perfect combination as we transition over to the Cardano Blockchain. Awesome share Deb as usual.
February 26, 2021 at 2:06pm
Joseph Stasaitis Thanks so much for these tremendous insights and valuable information.
February 26, 2021 at 2:53pm
Dennis Roeder Sounds like a union destined to unite for the common person. Low transaction cost, fast speed and ready to go. Thanks Deb for this informative article. It explains why Cardano and Markethive were designed for each other.
February 26, 2021 at 3:44pm
SÉRGIO LEITE Thank you so much Deb! Everything is very good, and your information is invaluable.
February 26, 2021 at 4:14pm
Ronald Tate Thanks Deb
February 26, 2021 at 5:03pm
Mike Thompson The timing could not be any more perfect with Cardano coming up with a low cost and Fast speed Blockchain and Markethive being ready to launch their wallet.
February 26, 2021 at 5:42pm
Sylvie Atisse Thank you so much for sharing these valuable informations about Cardano Deb! I appreciate reading your blog post.
February 26, 2021 at 8:10pm
Charles Phillips The verdict is in. Markethive's wisdom in choosing Cardano over Ethereum to support its MHV coin is well-supported by facts. Thanks the facts, Deb.
February 27, 2021 at 3:32am
Rick Gold thanks for the update on this technology. Amazing really :)
February 27, 2021 at 3:55am
luba66 Lyubov Sultanova Thank for info.
February 27, 2021 at 5:54am
February 27, 2021 at 5:58am
Elben Brozovsky Thank you Deb, Your articles always show you researched a worthwhile subject and your presentation is easy to understand.
February 27, 2021 at 6:24am
Corneliu Boghian HAPPY DAY , GOOD BOLG !!!
February 27, 2021 at 11:58am
Scott Worswick Very interesting reading, thank you Deb for the information.
February 27, 2021 at 2:10pm
Saidu Sesay This is a great article. Thanks Deb for sharing.
February 27, 2021 at 5:57pm
Valeriya thanks for the info
February 28, 2021 at 6:35am
johnnorman Very interesting article with plenty of technical detail for those os us who are interested in such detail .Execllent
February 28, 2021 at 11:31am
Kevin Jacobson Moving over to Cardano is a tremendous step for MHV. It will certainly put us ahead of the pack with the tremendous blockchain technology they have developed and are continuing to develop. Having Markethive on Cardano could also be hey big deal for them as well. The sky is the limit for where both of these companies are heading.
February 28, 2021 at 8:10pm
Valeriya Great info
March 1, 2021 at 1:21pm
Valeriya thanks for the info🐻
March 2, 2021 at 4:15pm
Valeriya thanks for the info🧸
March 4, 2021 at 6:58am
Annette LeFort Thank you Deb. I have read this article several times and will reread again. There is a lot of pertinent information here that is not always explained in the everyday running of things. Continue your work as it is also essential to the education of our members.☺
March 4, 2021 at 5:31pm
Corneliu Boghian have a terrific day
March 4, 2021 at 6:53pm
Newman Brozovsky Thanks Deb for explaining our move to Cardano and why we made the move with clear understandable detail
March 4, 2021 at 7:06pm
Valeriya thanks for the info🌸
March 5, 2021 at 4:34pm
Heiko Closhen Thank your for all the detailed explanations.
March 5, 2021 at 7:51pm
Valeriya good information❄️
March 6, 2021 at 7:02am
Tan Gerald It would be great move to start investing in Cardano (ADA) while the price is still low. Now that the migration has begun, there would be a great hike in the value of ADA soon.
March 8, 2021 at 3:45am
Edited 3/8 at 3:45am
Catherine Lee What an exciting time for Markethive. Cardano is very fast, very efficient, and very safe. It's amazing that it came around in time for Markethive, when markethive was looking for an alternative. Thanks for explaining this so thoroughly, Deb.
March 8, 2021 at 3:46am
Valeriya good informationЯ👻
March 8, 2021 at 5:59am
andrei68 Yarushin Good afternoon Deb thanks for the blog and happy holiday to you.
March 8, 2021 at 8:50am
Caleb Mpamei Feels great to be involved in Markethive!
March 8, 2021 at 2:10pm
Zsolt Pasztor Very good article! Thanks for sharing.
March 28, 2021 at 5:35am
Corneliu Boghian Thank you so much for sharing these valuable informations !
April 19, 2021 at 5:34am
David O'Donnell If transaction fee stayed in the value of the coin. Bitcoin's bottom line is always higher even when the community sells, not sure if its 100% correlated.
April 30, 2021 at 8:54am