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The term computer science refers to the science of systematic information processing , especially computer processing. The appropriate English term is Computer Science .
Historically, computer science developed as a science in mathematics , while the development of the first computers originated in electrical engineering and telecommunications . Therefore, the computer is only the device on which the theoretical concepts are implemented. Dutch computer scientist Edsger Dijkstra said: "In computer science you are dealing with the computer, as in astronomy with the telescope."
Do not confuse computer science with information technology or information theory .
The term computer science comes from the combination of the words information and mathematics . Other sources claim that it comes from the combination of information and automation . The history of computer science begins before the advent of the digital computer . Prior to 1920, the term "computer" referred in English to a person performing calculations (an official). The first researchers in what would be called computer science, such as Kurt Gödel , Alonzo Church and Alan Turing, were interested in the computational problem: what information could a human servant calculate with paper and pencil, simply by following a list of instructions, as long as necessary, without the need for him to be intelligent or to involves intuitive abilities. One of the reasons this project was the desire to design and build "computational machines" that automate work often tedious and not without errors, a computer or computer human.
During the 1970s, when computing machines underwent an accelerated evolution, the term "computer" changed its meaning, now referring to machines rather than its human predecessors.
Today, computer science finds applications in all areas of life. Its presence is strongly amplified by the impact that the Internet has . The global network has revolutionized communication between companies, logistics , media , but also the privacy of each individual. Less visible, but still ubiquitous, computer science has gained a stable place even in household appliances, such as the video recorder or washing machine, in which the so-called embedded or embedded systems are embedded.), which are an integral part of the device and which ensures that these devices behave more or less "intelligently". Among other things, smartphones, which are true computers, have made it possible to democratize the use of information on a very large scale.
Computers or computers can manage, store, transmit and process a large amount of data in a short time. In order to perform such operations, a complex interaction is required between the physical part or equipment (in English hardware ) and the logical part or programs (in English software ), which represent the fundamental fields of research in Computer Science.
The great advantage of computer systems is their ability to schematically process huge amounts of information at a very high speed. Attempts have also been made to implement human perceptual abilities in computer systems, but so far with very limited success. An example in this direction is the human face recognition and / or decision-making systems when not all the necessary data are available. Such processes are studied by a specialized branch of computer science, artificial intelligence . Thus, in some restricted disciplines, remarkable results can already be obtained. However, one cannot yet speak of a modeling of human intelligence.
As a fundamental scientific system, computer science has, like mathematics , profound implications in many other fields of science. If mathematics means a "formal system of thinking," then computer science focuses on what is "formally achievable," that is, what is machine-achievable. Studying computer science can be very close to philosophy .
